8 philosophy influential figures in the world

1. Socrates

Socrates (Greek: Σωκράτης, Sǒcratēs) (470 BC - 399 BC) was a philosopher of Athens, Greece and is one of the most important figures in the Western philosophical tradition. Socrates was born in Athens, and is the first of three generations of Greek philosophers, namely Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Socrates is the teaching of Plato, and Plato in turn taught Aristotle.

2. Aristotle

Aristotle was born in Stagira, a city in the Chalcidice, Thracia, Greece (Macedonia region was formerly included) in 384 BC. His father was the personal physician of King Amyntas of Macedonia. At the age of 17, Aristotle became a student of Plato. Eventually he rose to become a teacher at the Academy of Plato in Athens for 20 years. Aristotle left the academy after Plato died, and became the teacher of Alexander of Macedon. When Alexander came to power in 336 BC, he returned to Athens. With the support and assistance of Alexander, he later founded his own academy called the Lyceum, which he led until the year 323 BC. Political change as the fall of Alexander made ​​him have to come back escape from Athens to avoid the unfortunate fate as first experienced by Socrates. Aristotle died shortly after the evacuation. Aristotle emphasized empiricism to emphasize knowledge.

3. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (born June 28, 1712, died July 2, 1778) was a French philosopher and composer of the Enlightenment era in which political ideas influenced the French Revolution, the development of theories of liberal and socialist, and the growth of nationalism. Through the recognition of himself and his writings, he practically created the modern autobiography and encouraged new attention to the construction of subjectivity --- a basis for the works of various great thinkers of the future as Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Sigmund Freud. His novel "Julie, ou la nouvelle Heloise" is one that is very much a work of fiction sold in the 18th century and became an important reference works in the development of romanticism. He also made ​​important contributions to the music, both as a developer of music theory as well as a composer.

4. Galileo Galilei

Galileo Galilei (born in Pisa, Toscana, February 15, 1564 - died in Arcetri, Tuscany, January 8, 1642 at age 77 years) was an astronomer, philosopher, and the Italian physicist who has a major role in the scientific revolution.
Contribution to the improvement of science, among others, the telescope, astronomical observations, and the first and second laws of motion (dynamics). Moreover, Galileo is also known as a supporter of Copernicus concerning the circulation of the earth around the sun.
Due to the latter view that he regarded the faith of the church and brought to justice Italy on June 22, 1633. Thoughts on the sun-centered solar system against the teachings of Aristotle and the beliefs of the church that the earth was the center of the universe. He was punished by excommunication (house arrest) until his death. New in 1992 Pope John Paul II officially declared that the punishment decision is wrong, and in his December 21, 2008 Pope Ben

5. Thomas Aquinas

Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) was an Italian philosopher and theologian of the most influential in the Middle Ages. Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae is the famous (1273). This book is a synthesis of Aristotelian philosophy and teachings of the Christian Church. In 1879, the teachings are used as a legal doctrine in the Roman Catholic Church by Pope Leo XIII. Thomas Aquinas also called Thomas Aquinas (Italian: Tommaso d'Aquino).

6. Plato

Plato (Greek: Πλάτων) (born about 427 sm - died about 347 bc) was a Greek philosopher. He was a pupil of Socrates. Plato thought was heavily influenced by Socrates .. Plato was the teacher of Aristotle. His most famous work is the republic (in greek Πολιτεία or politeia, "country") that contains an outline description of his views on the state of "ideal". [Citation needed] He also wrote the 'law' and a lot of dialogue in which Socrates is a participant primary. [citation needed] one of the famous parable of the plateau is the parable of the cave. Cicero said scribend est plateau mortuus (Plato died while writing).

7. John Adam Smith

John Adam Smith (born in Kirkcaldy, Scotland, 5 June 1723 - died in edinburgh, Scotland, 17 July 1790 at age 67 years), is a national Scottish philosopher who became a pioneer of modern economics. His most famous book is an inquiry into the nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (abbreviated as the wealth of nations) is the first book to describe the historical development of industry and commerce in Europe as well as the basics of the development of free trade and capitalism. Adam Smith is one of the pioneers of the economic system of capitalism. This economic system emerged in the 18th century in western Europe in the 19th century and became famous there.

8. John Locke

 John Locke (born August 29, 1632 - died October 28, 1704 at age 72 years) was a British philosopher who became one of the main character of an empirical approach. In addition, in the field of political philosophy, Locke also known as a philosopher liberal state. Together with his partner, Isaac Newton, Locke regarded as one of the most important figure in the Enlightenment era. In addition, Locke marked the birth of modern era and the post-Cartesian era (post-Cartesian), as Descartes approach is no longer the sole dominant approach in the philosophical approach that time. Then Locke also stressed the importance of empirical approaches and also the importance of experimentation in developing science.